PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to complete a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.